Issue 1
Spring 1994. Lead Article: Welcome to The Spangenberg Report. Other Stories: Recent Legislation; New Sources of Funds for Indigent Defense; Reform of State Indigent Defense Systems Through Rulemaking; plus more. VIEW. (123k)

Issue 1
Summer 1995. Lead Article: Criminal Justice Planning Commissions: Improving the System through Coordination, Cooperation and Communication; Post-Conviction Defender Organizations Favorably Reviewed by Federal and State Judges; Legislative Highlights from Around the Country; plus more. VIEW (191k)

Issue 2
Fall 1995. Lead Article: Alternative Revenue Sources: Snapshot of a National Trend. Other Stories: Byrne Formula Grant Funds: The Federal Alternative Funding Source; New York City Seeks Bids to Assume Part of the Legal-Aid Society’s Caseload; Oklahoma Bar Association Adopts Strong Resolution in Support of Oklahoma Indigent Defense System; plus more. VIEW (224k)

Issue 3
December 1995. Lead Article: Illinois Federal District Court Finds Unconstitutional Delay in Processing Direct Appeals in Federal Habeas Class Action. Other Stories: Allegheny County (Pittsburgh) Public Defender Office Suffers Cuts; Update on Capital Post Conviction Representation in Oklahoma; Kansas Creates new Death Penalty Unit; Second Public Defender Operating in Maricopa County (Phoenix); plus more. VIEW (209k)

Issue 4
June 1996. Lead Article: 1996 Legislative Scorecard. Other Stories: Oklahoma Indigent Defense System’s Struggles Continue; BJA-Administered Local Law Enforcement Block Grants Available; Florida Legislature Passes Bill Which Creates $40 Administrative Up-Front Fee to Supplement Public Defender Budget; New York Legal Aid Society Sues City Over RFP Process; plus more. VIEW (202k)

Issue 1
1996. Lead Article: Representation of Children in Abuse and Neglect Cases: An Overview; Other Stories: California Legislature Passes $25 Up-Front Fee; Iowa State Bar Indigent Defense Task Force Created; Vermont Bar Association Forms Study Committee to Determine Cost of Prosecuting and Defending Vermont’s Criminal Defense Statutes; News From Around the World (China; England& Wales); plus more. VIEW (214k)

Issue 2
1996. Lead Article: Imputed Disqualification: Do Ethics Screens Adequately Shield Public Defenders from Conflicts of Interests?. Other Stories: Effectively Obtaining Funds for Expert Help (Author: Edward C. Monahan, Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy);Texas Court of Criminal Appeals Conscripts 48 Attorneys to Take Capital State Habeas Cases; Statewide Public Defender System Bill Introduced in Mississippi Legislature; Florida Senate Committees Review State Public Defender System; plus more. VIEW (245k)

Issue 4
June 1996. Lead Article: The Balance Sheet Approach to Accurately Comparing Prosecution and Defense Resources. Other Stories: Florida’s Capital Collateral Representative (CCR) Split Into Three Independent Offices; Report Focuses on Alabama’s Poorly Funded Indigent Defense System; Iowa Governor vetoes Indigent Defense Reform Bill; plus more. VIEW (234k)

Issue 1
November 1996. Lead article: 1997 State Legislative Sessions Scorecard: Developments Affecting Indigent Defense; Other Stories: U.S. Attorney General Reno Demonstrates Her Commitment to Indigent Defense Issues; National Suvery of Indigent Defense Systems Begins; Vera Institute Awarded BJA Grant for Program to Strengthen Defender Management; Death Penalty Information Center Report Probes Risk of Executing Innocent People; Pennsylvania Public Defender Survey Released; Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy Issues Press Release Documenting the Effects of Insufficient Funding; plus more. VIEW.

Issue 2
May 1998. Lead Article: Legal Service for Poor Needs Renewed Vigilance; Other Stories: Federal Funding Opportunities for Indigent Defense: An Update on Byrne Formula Grant Funds; New Federal Grant Opportunities for Representation of Juveniles Charged with Delinquency; NACDL Releases Report Critical of Low-Bid Contracting; U.S. Attorney General Reno's Focus on Indigent Defense Continues; Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy Receives Significant Budget Increase; Mississippi Receives a New, Statewide, State Funded Indigent Defense System; Vera Institute of Justice's National Defender Leadership Project Begins Executive Seminars in July; Modest Increases to Court-Appointed Counsel Compensation Rates Pass in Virginia; Census Shows Increase in the Number of Correctional Facilities and Inmates Through Mid-Year 1995; plus more. VIEW

Issue 3
August 1998. Lead Article: The Partial Indigency Debate: When Others Come to the Indigent Defendant's Rescue, Should the State be Relieved of Responsibility for Experts?; Other Stories: On Eve of Trial, Allegheny County Public Defender Lawsuit Settled; Mississippi Supreme Court Grants Motion for Appointment of Counsel and Payment of Litigation Expenses in Capital State Post-Conviction Case; State Bar Completes Survey on the Status of Indigent Defense in Texas: The Prosecutor's Perspective; New York Cuts Capital Case Attorney Compensation Rates; Florida Relieves Overburdened Public Defender of New Appellate Case Appellate Case Appointments; Alabama Invalidates System of Reviewing Fees for Appointed Counsel; West Virginia Joint House and Senate Subcommittee to Study Problems with the State's Indigent Defense Services; The Georgia Assembly Improves State-Funding for the Georgia Indigent Defense Council for the Second Straight Year; Georgia Supreme Court Committee to Study Indigent Defense Counsel Qualification Standards and Compensation Rates; Rhode Island Office of the Public Defender Receives Increase in State Appropriation and Bryne Grant Money for New Computers; Alabama Governor Vetoes Bill to Raise Court-Appointed Counsel Compensation Rates; New Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Assistance Grant Opportunities for Indigent Defense Organizations to Improve Management and Technology; plus more. VIEW

Issue 4
November 1998. Lead Article: A Look at Tribal Public Defenders; Other Stories: 1998 State Legislative Sessions Scorecard: Developments Affecting Indigent Defense; "Conflict Case Swapping": Alternative Methods of Providing Representation in Conflict of Interest Cases; Kentucky Passes Racial Justice Act; New Cost-Shifting Constitutional Amendment in Florida Will Affect Handling of Conflict of Interest and Overload Cases; Campaign for an Effective Crime Policy's Third National Conference Emphasizes Need for Crime Policy Based in Understanding of Local Social, Economic and Cultural Contexts; NLADA Holds First-Ever Chief Defender Roundtable; plus more. VIEW

Issue 1
March 1999. Lead Article: Addressing the Challenges of Representing Non-English Speaking Clients; Other Stories: Comparable Pay for Comparable Work: Making the Case for Salary Parity Between Public Defenders and Prosecutors; Department of Justice hosts National Symposium on Indigent Defense; The West Virginia Legislature’s Standing Committee on Government Operations Promotes Expanding Public Defender Corporations Throughout the State; Georgia Supreme Court Supports Increased Compensation Rates for Court-Appointed Counsel; plus more. VIEW (244k)

Issue 2
June 1999. Lead Article: Mental Health and Indigent Defense. Other Stories: Texas Governor Bush Vetoes Indigent Defense Reform Measures; Tennessee Judge, Prosecutor, and Defender Case-Weighting Study Determines the Public Defender Workload Exceeds National Standards; Alabama Raises Court-Appointed Counsel Compensation Rates; Nebraska to Study Death Penalty; plus more. VIEW (260k)

Issue 3
October 1999. Lead Article: 1999 Legislative Scorecard. Other Stories: Mental Health Courts in the United States; Oregon Public Defense Services Commission Established; Coalition “Fills the Gap” in Arizona; News from Around the World (Cambodia, China, Southeast Asia, Central and Eastern Europe); plus more. VIEW (265k)

Issue 4
March 2000. Lead Article: The Importance of Private Bar Involvement in the Nation’s Indigent Defense System. Other Stories: North Carolina Indigent Defense Study Commission Unanimously Votes to Recommend a Permanent Statewide Commission; Mississippi Lawsuits Add Pressure to State to Fund State Public Defender System; Work Begins on Fair Defense Project in Texas; Illinois Governor Calls For Moratorium on Executions; Kentucky Governor’s Budget Includes Significant Increase to DPA; plus more. VIEW (215k)

Issue 1
August 2000. Lead Article: Planning for the Future of Public Defense: New Leadership, New Partnership, New Strategies; Other Stories: U.S. Department of Justice Hosts Second National Symposium on Indigent Defense; Major Changes in Store for Mississippi's Indigent Defense System; Chief Justice of Alabama Supreme Court Appoints Committee to Study the Provision of Indigent Defense Services; Illinois Task Force Issues Report Finding the Criminal Justice System in Crisis and Recommends State Funds be Used to Assist Counties in Providing Indigent Defense Services; plus more. VIEW.

Issue 2
November 2000. Lead Article: The Immigration Consequences of Criminal Convictions; Other Stories: 2000 State Legislative Scorecard; New Report Critical of System for Representing Indignet Juveniles in Texas; ABA Call to Action: A Moratorium on Executions; Arizona Capital Case Commission Meets; Joint DNA "Innocence Project" Formed By Orange County, California District Attorney and Public Defender; plus more.VIEW.

Issue 3
February 2001. Lead Article: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Assistance and American Bar Association, Bar Information Program State Commissions Project: The Year in Review; Other Stories: Texas Appleseed Releases Study on Indigent Defense in Texas: Begins Lobbying for Reform; Department of Justice Releases Compendium of Standards for Indigent Defense Systems; Kentucky's Department of Public Advocacy Continues to Meet Program Improvement Goals; Innovative Arrest-to-First Appearance Representation Pilot Program in Chicago; Ohio Attorney Genearal Institutes DNA Testing for Death Row Inmates; Iowa Indigent Defense Advisory Committee Underway; International News Wuhan, China; plus more.VIEW.

Issue 4
July 2001. Lead Article: Governor Perry Signs Fair Defense Act in Texas; Other Stories: Pressure Mounts to Raise New York City Assigned Counsel Rates; Illinois Supreme Court Promulgates Death Penalty Representation Rules; Georgia's Indigent Defense Council Budget for FY2002 Announced; Wisconsin's Office of the State Public Defender to Increase Staff Despite Initial Threatened Budget Cuts; plus more. VIEW.